2023理科英语语法专题 特殊句式

⑮词组，包括一般词组、类似词组、选择词组和反意词组，都用之外倒装助词。

[都和统里面建构游戏规则]

(一)倒装句

1．之外倒装

只把主语的一之外(多为助分词、都和分词be或精练分词)敲于助词之前的片语，叫之外倒装句。这类词组主要有不限几种：

(1)坚称否定涵义的词组或连词敲于助动词时引起之外倒装结构设计。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not only ...but also ..., not until, nowhere, neither ...nor ...等。

(2)“only结构设计上助动词句子、词组或对换分词”敲于助动词时，要用之外倒装。

(3)so/such ...that ...结构设计里面的so/such 连同它所结构设计上的成分共同位处助动词坚称忽略时，主词要用之外倒装。

(4)坚称上去所说的持续连续性也等同于做后者时，用倒装结构设计“so/neither/nor＋助分词/都和分词/精练分词＋助词”(so坚称肯定涵义， neither/nor坚称否定涵义)。

(5)在as/though亦然向的让步对换分词里面，分词的表语/对换/分词要位处助动词，组成倒装结构设计。如果位处助动词的是单数可数该词，其前不加主语。

(6)在ID条件句里面，条件句里面的if去掉时，助分词had, were, should要提到助词上去，组成之外倒装。

(7)“may＋分词原形”坚称祝愿时，一般来说将may敲于助动词，组成倒装助词。

Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.

直到我丧失指导我才意识到我必要提高指导技能了。

Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.

只有当你的心态平和时，你才能与别人保持良好的关都和。

Such great progress did he make that he was praised.

他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了作出贡献。

2．无论如何倒装

主语分词无论如何敲于助词之前的片语，叫无论如何倒装句。这类词组主要有不限几种：

(1)here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room 等坚称地点、时间段或方位的词组或助动词句子敲于助动词，且助词为该词时，片语用无论如何倒装。

(2)有时为平衡片语结构设计或凸显、忽略，将则有表语的助动词句子、分词、词组或分词提到助动词，组成“表语＋都和分词＋助词”的无论如何倒装结构设计。

John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before.

约翰打开门，在此之前他从来不想看过的一位女孩站在那儿。

Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests.

会前汇演的有安德森谭和许多其他的宾客。

(二)忽略句

1．忽略词组

其基本结构设计：It is/was＋被忽略的之外＋that/who＋片语其他之外。该词组可对片语的助词、表语、主语、对换等透过忽略。当被忽略之外是人，且则有助词时，可用who或that，其他持续连续性下照旧用that。

It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.

只有通过发声和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的疑问才可能被解决。

2．not ...until的忽略词组结构设计：It is/was not until ...＋that＋片语其他之外。

It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.

直到他全因三十分钟后，他才发现他把包落在了出租车上。

3．对主语分词透过忽略时用do, does, did。

She did tell me her address, but I forgot all about it.

她确实得知过我她的地址，但我全忘了。

(三)去掉句

1．对换分词里面的去掉

在as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等亦然向的对换分词里面，若主语之外含be分词，而分词的助词又与主词的助词明确或分词助词是it时，分词的助词和主语里面的be分词可以两兄弟去掉。

All the photographs in this book, unless (the photographs are) stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.

这本书里所有的特写，除非有所述，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50 年代。

2．分词分词的去掉

在即刻被动语态里面，感官分词或使役分词后接分词则有补足语时，往往将分词小写字母to去掉；在同原话或同一情景对话里面，当同一节奏再次出今天前面的分词位置上时，一般来说去掉该节奏而保留分词小写字母to。

The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to.

叫来司机想要把车停靠在路边，但是警察不允许他这样做。

(四)there be词组

1．there be词组里面的be可以有不同的词缀，可以和助分词或精练分词同义。

There have been many great changes in our country since then.

自自此以后我们国家就暴发了许多巨大的变化。

There must be a mistake somewhere.

某个人口众多一定出错了。

2．there be词组里面的be有时可用seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, used to be, have to be, remain, live, stand, lie, exist等替换。

There seems to be an announcement about the project.关于这个工程项目似乎有一个事先。

There happened to be a man walking by.

刚巧有一个人路过。

3．there be结构设计的常用字词

There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.

做某事很难涵义。

There is no doubt about .../that ...

无论如何……

There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.

(某人)很难必要做某事。

There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing sth./with sth.

(做)某事(不想)有吃力/麻烦。

There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that ...

(做)某事(不想)有有可能。

This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

这并不显然我们亦然变得比在此之前更聪明或是不如在此之前聪明，但是无论如何，我们采用悟连续性的方式亦然在暴发变化。

[集训里面明晰考点]

考点1 倒装

1.There 曲在曲在曲在曲在 (be) an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it.

重构：is There be 词组归入倒装字词，此句里面be的基本上一般来说迅即的助词world，从needs可以看出本空词缀归入一般今天时，故此空填埋is。

2.曲在曲在曲在曲在 (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

重构：Were 句意：如果很难同学们们的支持，这名学生不可能克服她的吃力。该句是去掉if的ID条件句，if去掉后需要将were天内组成倒装。

3.Not until recently 曲在曲在曲在曲在 (do) they encourage the development of tourist­related activities in the rural areas.

重构：did 句意：直到最近他们才积极在农村地区发展与旅游相关的工程项目。not until敲在助动词时片语要采用之外倒装，此处指依然所暴发的节奏，不宜采用一般依然时。

4.Only when the police showed her the evidence 曲在曲在曲在曲在 (do) she admit that she had stolen the money.

重构：did 句意：只有当警察把证据展示给她的时候，她才认定被骗了钱。“only＋对换分词”敲于助动词，主词要用之外倒装，即be分词/精练分词/助分词敲在助词前。此处词缀要用一般依然时，故填埋did。

考点2 忽略词组

1.Why is it 曲在曲在曲在曲在 some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?

重构：that 句意：为什么我们里面的有些人比其他人更聪明或更有创造力？本句是忽略词组的类似词组，why是对被忽略之外的提问。

2.It was only when I tried to remove my head 曲在曲在曲在曲在 I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in.

重构：that 句意：亦然是只有当我尝试把头移开时，我才意识到出去不如上来那么简单。此处是忽略词组“It was＋被忽略之外＋that＋其他之外”，本句忽略的是时间段对换分词。

3.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house 曲在曲在曲在曲在 we saw Lily in the passenger seat.

重构：that 句意：直到汽车停在了我们的房子上去的时候，我们才看到莉莉坐在上车座上。此处是忽略词组“It was＋被忽略之外＋that＋其他之外”，本句忽略的是时间段对换分词。

[自测里面查漏保举]

Ⅰ.单句构词填埋空

1．He doesn't like living in the city, neither/nor does his wife.

2．Had you been more careful, such spelling mistakes might have been avoided.

3．Not until all the fish died in the river did the farmers realize how serious the pollution was.

4．It was not until all the fish died in the river that the farmers realized how serious the pollution was.

5．South of our village flows (flow) a pleasant quiet stream leading to the faraway sea.

6．She did give me a lot of help in English last term.

7．Where was it that you picked up the wallet?

8．You should stay where you are, unless asked (ask) to leave.

9．There have_been (be) great changes taking place in my hometown in the past few years.

10.It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.

Ⅱ.完成片语

1．Only in this way can_they_become_useful to society and enjoy a colorful life in the future.

只有效率这种方式，他们才能成为对社会有效率的人，并在将来享受多彩的人生。

2．In conclusion, take_down_pressure_to_work_harder and you will achieve your goal.

总之，离去冲击，指导更尽力，你将会实现你的目标。

3．It's_not_just_students_that will face pressure.

不仅仅是学生们将会面对冲击。

4．There_happened_to_be no one in your office when I phoned.

我打电话时，你办公室亦然好不想人。

Ⅲ.构词填埋空

At about 3 pm on October 2, carpentry students from Harvard H．Ellis Technical High School (Ellis Tech) in the United States 曲在1曲在 (put)the finishing touches on a ramp (山坡上) for the handicapped at Northeast Placement Services.It was a thing of 曲在2曲在 (beautiful), leading from a platform outside one building to the entryway of the new Community Education Center.It was one year ago 曲在3曲在 students started the project.It took so long, because Ellis Tech has a rotating (均会的) schedule — two weeks of academic work followed 曲在4曲在 two weeks of shop work.Their academic schedule made it difficult 曲在5曲在 (finish) the job very quickly.During the summer，work stopped altogether.

曲在6曲在 (arrive)at Ellis Tech，Senior Gabe Martel first didn't know he wanted to be a carpenter.He soon found the hands­on activity was 曲在7曲在 (benefit)to him.One thing he learned is 曲在8曲在 no project goes according to plan.They had to follow building rules and adapt themselves quickly.They had to work with the customer and learn to get along with their teammates.

The next project will be at the Brooklyn Fairgrounds，where students will rebuild a part of the main stage.Unless it's 曲在9曲在 (extreme) cold in winter, they'll work a couple of 曲在10曲在 (month)．

语篇解读：本文主要详述了一所学校木匠两班的风情实践工程项目的相关素材。

1．were putting 概略分词的词缀和主谓明确。分析片语成分由此可知，空处为片语的主语，结合该句里面的时间段对换“At about 3 pm on October 2”可推知，此处坚称依然某一关头亦然在透过的节奏，不宜用于依然透过时，且与片语助词carpentry students (y基本上)呼不宜，所以填埋were putting。

2．beauty 概略该词。分析片语结构设计由此可知，空处不宜用于该词，则有助动词of的主语，所以填埋beauty。

3．that 概略忽略词组。分析片语结构设计由此可知，此处为忽略句结构设计It was ... that ...，对片语的时间段对换one year ago透过忽略，所以填埋that。

4．by 概略助动词。分析片语结构设计由此可知，破折号后为补充所述的素材，空前用了依然分词followed，坚称被动概念，所以填埋by。

5．to finish 概略非主语分词。此处概略make it＋分词＋to do sth.，其里面it则有基本上主语，分词句子则有真亦然的主语，所以填埋to finish。

6．Arriving 概略非主语分词。分析片语成分由此可知，分词arrive和片语主语didn't know之间很难连词，且和片语助词Senior Gabe Martel之间组成逻辑上的主谓关都和，故用其今天分词基本上Arriving。

7．beneficial 概略分词。分析片语结构设计由此可知，空处不宜为分词，在都和分词was后则有表语，所以填埋beneficial。

8．that 概略该词连续性分词。空处亦然向表语分词，在分词里面不则有成分，故用that。

9．extremely 概略词组。分析片语结构设计由此可知，空处不宜用于词组，结构设计上分词cold，则有对换，所以填埋extremely。

10．months 概略该词y。结合空前的a couple of (几个)由此可知，此处不宜用于可数该词的y基本上，所以填埋months。