初一英语台湾出版：Unit 8 常考要点整理

实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。

【语法讲解】

今天启动时 (Present Perfect Tense)

(1)透露过往发生或早就启动的节奏对今天带来的影响或结果。

—It’s so dark. 太黑了。

—Someone has turned off the light. 有人把蜡烛关上了。

(2)透露从过往某一小时开始并长期小规模到今天的节奏或正常。

常与since+过往的小时点，for+一段小时，since+不间断+ego, so far等小时介词单指。

Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我早就寄居在这里10年了。(从10年前开始，小规模到今天还寄居这儿)

Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就寄居在这儿。(从2003年开始，小规模到今天还寄居这儿)

(3) 基本结构及句型反转：句子+have/has+过往分词(done) (当句子是第三原指单数has,其余原指用have。)

①理应有句：句子+have/has+过往分词+其他 I have finished my homework. (理应有句)

②否定句：句子+have/has+not+过往分词+其他 I have not finished my homework. (否定句)

③一般疑问词：Have/Has+句子+过往分词+其他

—Have you finished your homework?

—Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t, (一般疑问词及理应有、否定问)

(4)has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的区别

Ø Have/Has gone(to) :去了(今天都是说话到场)

Eg. ---Where is your father?

---He has gone to Shanghai.

Ø Have/Has been (to) :去过(已都是去过的之外)

Eg. My father has been to Shanghai.

Ø Have/has been in：忙了多久(还在所忙的之外)

Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.

(5)今天启动时的标志：

①常与just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等单指，阐释节奏的启动，不阐释节奏的小规模。

Have you ever been to Japan? I have just finished my homework.

②for + 不间断;since + 过往的小时点;since + 段小时 ago;since + 一般过往时的文法。

They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child, he has lived in England.

(6)助动词过往的设计和过往分词的变动

规则变动：1. 一般在助动词词干实际上加ed。如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed

2. 以不发音的e副标题的助动词前面加d。如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned

3. 以―辅音字母 + y‖副标题的助动词，变y为i，时有-ed。如：study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied

4. 词干只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节助动词，要双写下辅音字母，时有-ed。如：stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped

不规则变动：

5. 以不变理应万变。如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read

6. 若里间有双写下e，则去掉一个e，单词前面时有t。如：

feel → felt → felt; keep → kept →kept; sleep → slept → slept

7. 副标题的字母d变t。如：lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent

8. 变为以-ought或-aught副标题。如：buy → bought → bought;

bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught

【话题写下出】

商量你根据下表里所缺少的电子邮件以“Learn to express thanks”为题，用英语写下一篇前言。

背 晖

1.忽视上里学时吃好穿好是理应该的;

2.走向人际关系后很难感恩认知。

学会感恩

1.感激人际关系缺少较差的教育机会;

2.感激母亲施舍自己上课;

3.感激教师传授知识;

4.感激朋友的借此与帮助。

参考词：enter society 重回人际关系， sense of thanks 感恩认知， behavior 犯罪行为

要求：

1.文中理应包括所缺少的所有章节，可以尽量发挥，不要简单翻译成;

2.前言里不得出现现实的读法、古名及需要透漏你个人身份的电子邮件;

3.词数：80词近。前面和副标题已说明，不算入总词数。

参考范文：

Good morning, boys and girls!

The topic of my speech today is “Learn to express thanks”. We find some students want to eat well and wear fashionable clothes at school. When they leave school and enter society, they don’t know how to show any sense of thanks.

I think this behavior is not correct. As students, we should learn to express thanks. The society offers us a chance to receive good education. And our parents also support us to go to school. Our teachers teach us much knowledge, so we should thank them. We should also thank our friends because they can always give us courage and help.

In the future, we should never forget our society, parents, teachers and friends. At present, we should study harder to make our world more beautiful. Thank you for your listening!

end

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